The myth of the Israel Defense Forces through the lens of critical rhetoric

Autor

  • Michał Mokrzan Uniwersytet Wrocławski Instytut Etnologii i Antropologii Kulturowej https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9083-0769
  • Marta Songin-Mokrzan Uniwersytet Łódzki

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29107/rr2025.2.2

Słowa kluczowe:

Siły Obronne Izraela, Strefa Gazy i Palestyna, mistyfikacja, mit, retoryka krytyczna

Abstrakt

Tematem tego artykułu jest retoryka komunikacji medialnej stosowanej przez Siły Obronne Izraela (IDF), a materiał badawczy stanowią posty publikowane na oficjalnym profilu IDF na Facebooku. Analizowane posty obejmują okres od 7 października 2023 roku do 5 stycznia 2025 roku. Retoryczna analiza hasbary (propagandy IDF) opiera się na semiologii Rolanda Barthesa i teorii dyskursu Michela Foucaulta, a także na tradycji retoryki krytycznej w badaniach retorycznych. Te perspektywy metodologiczne skutecznie uchwytują procesy, poprzez które reprezentacja rzeczywistości zostaje zmistyfikowana. W ujęciu Barthesa zjawisko to można rozumieć jako mit. Z perspektywy retoryki krytycznej artykuł analizuje nie tylko oficjalne narracje, ale także to, co zostało celowo pominięte. Bada on środki retoryczne konstruujące mit IDF jako moralnej organizacji, w tym perswazję poprzez etos, charakter i eufemizmy. Równie istotnym elementem procesu mitologizacji i mistyfikacji IDF jest wykluczenie treści podważających moralne cnoty armii. W związku z tym analiza mitu IDF uwzględnia zarówno retorykę oficjalnych reprezentacji, jak i retorykę potoczną, ponieważ dyskurs czerpie znaczenie ze strategii włączania i wykluczania. Takie rozumienie krytycznej retoryki wpisuje się w twierdzenie Kennetha Burke’a, że analiza retoryczna powinna być zawsze gotowa do demaskowania mistyfikacji.

 

Pobrania

Statystyki pobrań niedostępne.

Biogram autora

  • Michał Mokrzan - Uniwersytet Wrocławski Instytut Etnologii i Antropologii Kulturowej

    Michał Mokrzan, dr hab., pracownik Instytutu Etnologii i Antropologii Kulturowej UWr. Interesuje się przestrzeniami neoliberalizmu, dobrostanem psychicznym, relacjami klasowymi, kulturami profesjonalnymi oraz retoryką post-humanistyczną. Najnowsze publikacje: Michał Mokrzan. 2024. Culture Figures. A Rhetorical Reading of Anthropology. New York, Oxford: Berghahn Books. Kontakt: michal.mokrzan@uwr.edu.pl.

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Opublikowane

19-06-2025

Jak cytować

Mokrzan, Michał, and Marta Songin-Mokrzan. 2025. “The Myth of the Israel Defense Forces through the Lens of Critical Rhetoric”. Res Rhetorica 12 (2): 29-46. https://doi.org/10.29107/rr2025.2.2.